During planning, what does it specify?

• A. Identifying the Problem's Root Causes
• B. How the Desired Result Will Be Obtained; It Is Task Oriented; Planning Decides: What Is to Be Done? When It Is to Be Done? How It Will Be Done? Who Is to Do It?
• C. Setting Budget Constraints Only
• D. Selecting Technologies to Use

Answer: (B)

The main thing planning does is lay out how to turn the goal into action. It’s task oriented and answers the practical questions needed to execute: what must be done, when it will be done, how it will be done, and who will do it. In other words, planning creates the execution blueprint for the project—defining scope, breaking work into tasks, sequencing them, assigning responsibilities, setting timelines and milestones, estimating resources and costs, and outlining how risks, quality, communications, and procurement will be managed.

Root-cause analysis focuses on diagnosing problems, not outlining the execution steps. Setting budget constraints alone is too narrow, as planning covers schedules and resource allocation as well. Selecting technologies belongs to design or procurement decisions, not the plan that specifies the actionable path to achieve the results.