First step in Doyle and Strauss problem-solving framework?

• A. Brainstorming alternatives
• B. Problem Definition
• C. Problem Perception
• D. Problem Analysis

Answer: (C)

In Doyle and Strauss’s approach, the first move is to perceive the problem—recognize that a gap exists, understand its scope, who is affected, and what constraints shape possible solutions. This perception sets the stage by clarifying what exactly needs fixing and identifying symptoms versus underlying causes. When you truly perceive the problem, you can frame it accurately and determine what information to gather, which helps prevent jumping into quick fixes that miss the real issue. After this perception comes defining the problem in clear terms, then analyzing it, and finally brainstorming alternatives.