Which data collection method involves interviewing stakeholders face-to-face?

• A. One-on-One Interviews.
• B. Focus Group Discussion.
• C. Surveys only online.
• D. Observational data collection.

Answer: (A)

Direct, in-depth information from stakeholders is best gathered through one-on-one interviews conducted face-to-face. This approach lets you build rapport, tailor questions on the fly, probe important points, and pick up nuances and nonverbal cues that surveys or group discussions can miss. Focus group discussions are also face-to-face but involve multiple participants and emphasize group dynamics rather than detailed individual insights. Online surveys provide broad, quantitative data but lack real-time back-and-forth questioning. Observational data collection collects behavior without interviewing, so it doesn’t capture stakeholders’ perspectives through direct questioning.